TNUAA adheres to internationally recognized publication ethics standards, including the guidelines established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). The authors, journal editors, and peer-reviewers have responsibilities to meet expected publication ethics at all stages in their involvement from submission to publication of an article. These responsibilities are outlined below.

Editors

l   Act in a balanced, objective and fair way.

l   Handle submissions for supplements or special issues in the same way as other submissions so that articles are considered and accepted solely on their academic merit and without commercial influence.

l   Adopt and follow reasonable procedures in the event of complaints of an ethical or conflict nature.

l   Give authors a reasonable opportunity to respond to any complaints.

l   All complaints should be investigated no matter when the original publication was approved.

l   Documentation associated with any such complaints should be retained.

Reviewers

l   Contribute to the decision-making process, and assist in improving the quality of the article by reviewing the manuscript objectively, in a timely manner.

l   Maintain the confidentiality of any information supplied by the editor or author.

l   Explain the judgments so that authors can understand the basis of the comments and judgments.

l   Do not retain or copy the manuscript.

l   Alert the editor to any published or submitted content that is substantially similar to that under review.

l   Inform the editor and the editorial office if unable to review an article or can do so only with some delay.

l   Do not delay the peer review process unnecessarily, either deliberately or inadvertently.

l   Point out relevant work that has not been cited, and use citations to explain where elements of the work have been previously reported.

Authors

l   Be aware of and comply with best practice in publication ethics, specifically with regard to authorship, dual submission, plagiarism, figure manipulation, competing interests, and compliance with standards of research ethics.

l   Limit authorship to those that have made a significant contribution to conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study.

l   Maintain accurate records of data associated with submitted manuscripts, and supply or provide access to these data upon reasonable request.

l   Where appropriate and where allowed by employer, funding body and others who might have an interest, deposit data in a suitable repository or storage location for sharing and further use by others.

l   Confirm/assert that the manuscript as submitted is not under consideration or accepted for publication elsewhere.

l   Additional participants such as language editors may be recognized in the acknowledgments section.

l   Promptly notify the journal editor or publisher if a significant error in their publication is identified. Cooperate with the editor and publisher to publish an erratum, addendum, corrigendum notice, or to retract the article where this is deemed necessary.

l   Disclose the specific contributions of all authors to the research and any potential conflicts of interest related to the research. A conflict of interest may exist when an author's financial, personal, or professional relationships could influence their actions, decisions, or work. Authors should also disclose any conflicts of interest related to products mentioned in the manuscript, especially if competing products are involved.

l   Clear statement should be made if third-party material is used in the article, and permission for the use should be obtained in accordance with copyright law, so as not to infringe the intellectual property rights of others.

Corresponding author

l   To ensure that all named authors have approved the submitted version of the manuscript, agree to its submission and are willing to take appropriate responsibility for it.

l   All authors should be consulted about any subsequent changes to authorship (e.g. the list of authors) during the publication process, and it should be made clear to the journal that they have given their consent with written confirmation.

Plagiarism

Submitted articles must be the authors' own work. Plagiarism constitutes unethical scientific behavior and is never acceptable. Plagiarism ranges from the unreferenced use of others' ideas to submission of a complete article under 'new' authorship.

Duplicate publication/self-plagiarism

Duplicate publication (sometimes called 'self-plagiarism') is the production of multiple articles with the same, or essentially the same, content by the same authors and is viewed as unacceptable. Submitted research articles must be novel and original.

In the case of articles that expand upon previously published conference proceedings, or conference write-ups that discuss work already published in an earlier article, some limited exceptions to this rule may apply. However, in these cases authors should consult with the editorial office before submission. In all instances, articles must clearly cite their sources and present some new contribution to the published literature otherwise such articles will be rejected.

Multiple publications arising from a single research project should be clearly identified as such and the primary publication should be referenced. Translations and adaptations for different audiences should be clearly identified as such, should acknowledge the original source, and should respect relevant copyright conventions and permission requirements. If in doubt, authors should seek permission from the original publisher before republishing any work.

Advertising

TNUAA does not publish any commercial advertisements. All articles in this journal, as well as content on our official website and other platforms, are free of any advertising. The review and acceptance of manuscripts are not influenced by commercial factors.

Comments & Feedback

Authors, readers, and other experts are encouraged to send any comments or feedback on the articles published in TNUAA, or suggestions regarding our ethical requirements, to the editorial office via email. The editorial office will address these promptly and respond as necessary. We welcome the active participation of our readers and authors in providing feedback to help maintain a high standard of academic integrity and create a positive academic atmosphere.